AN OVERVIEW OF APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING SCHEME
BACKGROUND
Development of human resource is crucial for the industrial
development of any nation. Upgradation of skills is an
important component of Human Resource Development. Training imparted in
Institutions alone is not sufficient for acquisition of skills and needs to be
supplemented by training in the actual work place.
OBJECTIVES
Apprentices Act, 1961 was enacted with the following objectives
:-
·
To regulate the programme of training of
apprentices in the industry so as to conform to the syllabi, period of training
etc. as laid down by the Central Apprenticeship
Council; and
·
To utilise fully the facilities
available in industry for imparting practical training with a view to
meeting the requirements of skilled manpower for industry.
EVOLUTION OF APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING SCHEME
·
National Apprenticeship Scheme started in 1959
on Voluntary Basis.
·
Apprentices Act was enacted in 1961 and
implemented w.e.f. 1.3.1962.
·
Initially the Act envisaged training of Trade
Apprentices.
·
The Act was amended in 1973 to include
training of Graduate and Diploma Engineers as "Graduate" &
"Technician" Apprentices.
·
The Act was further amended in 1986 to bring
within its purview the training of the 10+2 vocational stream as
"Technician (Vocational)" Apprentices.
·
It was further amended in 1997 to amend
various sections of the Act as regards definition of “establishment” and
“worker”, termination of apprenticeship contract, number of apprentices for a
designated trade, practical and basic training of apprentices,
obligation of employers, penalty for contravening the
provisions of the Act and cognizance of offences.
·
The Act was again amended in 2008 to amend
various sections of the Act as regards reservation for candidates belonging to
Other Backward Classes (OBCs), expenditure on Related Instruction (RI) shall be
imparted at the cost of employer and the employer shall, when so required,
afford all facilities for imparting such instructions and to provide
flexibility in respect of ratios prescribed for apprenticeship seats.
·
The act was further amended in 2014 replacing
Trade-wise regulation by a band of 2.5% to 10% of the total strength of the
workers, introduction of optional trades, extending the scope to
Non-engineering occupations, doing away with imprisonment for non compliance
and limiting the penalties to fine only. Allowing outsourcing of Basic Training
and bringing the establishments operating in four or more states into the fold
of Central authorities for easy interface, etc.
MONITORING OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACT
·
DGE&T is responsible for implementation of
the Act in respect of Trade Apprentices in the Central Government
Undertakings & Departments through six Regional
Directorates of Apprenticeship Training (RDAT) located
at Chennai, Faridabad, Hyderabad, Kanpur, Kolkata, & Mumbai.
·
State Apprenticeship Advisers are responsible
for implementation of the Act in respect of Trade Apprentices in
State Government Undertakings/ Departments and Private
Establishments.
·
For Graduate, Technician &
Technician (Vocational) Apprentices, Department of Education in the
Ministry of Human Resource Development is responsible for
implementation of the through four Boards of
Apprenticeship Training located at Chennai, Kanpur, Kolkata , & Mumbai.
CENTRAL APPRENTICESHIP COUNCIL
·
It is an apex statutory body. It advises the
Government on laying down of policies and prescribing norms &
standards in respect of Apprenticeship Training Scheme (ATS).
·
It was reconstituted with effect from 27th
March, 2014 for 3 years.
COVERAGE
·
It is obligatory on the part of employers both
in Public and Private Sector establishments having requisites training
infrastructure as laid down in the Act, to engage apprentices.
·
259 groups of industries are covered under the
Act.
·
28,500 establishments engage apprentices.
·
2.12 lakh training seats for the trade
apprentices have been utilized against 3.92 lakh seats identified under the
Act.
·
0.43 lakh training seats for Graduate,
Technician and Technician (Vocational) Apprentices have been utilized against
1.22 lakh seats identified for these categories.
STIPEND
·
The minimum rate of stipend per month payable
to trade apprentices is as follows:
Stipend (Year wise)
|
|
Year
|
Minimum Rate of
Stipend
|
First Year
|
70% of minimum wage of semi-skilled workers notified by the
respective State or Union territory.
|
Second Year
|
80% of minimum wage of semi-skilled workers notified by the
respective State or Union territory.
|
Third & Fourth Year
|
90% of minimum wage of semi-skilled workers notified by the
respective State or Union territory.
|
·
The expenditure on stipend for trade
apprentices is borne by the employers.
·
The rates of stipend for Graduate, Technician
& Technician (Vocational) apprentices are Rs. 4984 p.m., Rs. 3542 p.m. and
Rs. 2758 p.m. respectively. (with effect from 19th December, 2014)
·
Expenditure on Stipend for the categories of
Graduate, Technician & Technician (Vocational) apprentices is shared equally
between the employer and the Central Government.
TRAINING OF TRADE APPRENTICES
·
Minimum age is 14 years.
·
Qualifications vary from Class VIII pass to
XII class pass (10+2) system.
·
Period of training varies from 6 months to 4
years.
·
Training comprises Basic Training and
Practical Training followed by Related Instructions as per
prescribed syllabus for each trade.
·
259 trades in 39 trade groups have been
designated.
·
Numbers of seats for apprentices are
calculated in the band of 2.5% to 10% of the total strength of the workers.
·
Every apprentice and employer has to enter
into a contract of apprenticeship training, which is registered by the
Apprenticeship Advisers.
·
Employers and apprentices have to fulfill
their obligations under the Act.
TESTING AND CERTIFICATION OF TRADE APPRENTICES
·
All India Trade Tests (AITT) for trade
apprentices are conducted by National Council of Vocational Training (NCVT)
twice a year ( October/ November and April/May).
·
National Apprenticeship Certificates (NAC) are
awarded to those who pass the AITT.
·
NAC is recognized for employment under
Govt./Semi-Government departments/ organizations.
SKILL COMPETITION OF TRADE APPRENTICES
·
With a view to fostering healthy competition
among apprentices as well as establishments, skill competition is organized at
local, regional & All India levels.
·
Skill competition is held for 15 trades
namely; Fitter, Machinist, Turner, Welder (Gas & Electric),
Electrician, Mechanic (Motor Vehicle), Tool & Die Maker
(Die & Moulds), Tool and Die Maker(Press Tool, Jigs & Fixture),
Instrument Mechanic, Draughtsman (Mechanical), Mechanic
Machine Tool Maintenance, Wireman, Mechanic(Diesel), Refrigeration &
Air-Conditioning Mechanic and Electronics Mechanic.
TRAINING OF GRADUATE, TECHNICIAN AND
TECHNICIAN (VOCATIONAL APPRENTICES)
·
126 subject fields have been designated for
the category of Graduate & Technician apprentices. [Annexure IV]
·
128 subject fields have been designated for
the category of Technician (Vocational) apprentices. [Annexure V]
·
Period of post qualification training for
these categories is one year.
·
Seats are located based on
managerial/supervisory posts and training facilities.
·
Training programme is prepared in joint
consultation between Apprenticeship Adviser Establishment concerned.
·
Certificates are awarded on completion of
training by the Deptt. of Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development
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